Advisory 5.17.2012: Charlotte LGBTQI activists to install morning rush hour protest art, speak out against Amendment One
Activists with the Charlotte Rainbow Action Network for Equality (CRANE, www.rainbowaction.org) are re-mobilizing after the May 8, 2012, vote to approve a discriminatory constitutional amendment.
On Thursday morning before rush hour, activists will install protest art speaking out against Amendment One. The art will be visible to motorists from the inbound lanes of one of the city’s busiest thoroughfares. As the morning commute picks up at 7 a.m., the activists will be present the Hawthorne Ln. bridge over Independence Blvd. where they will stand the overpass’ sidewalk with a banner reading “EQUALITY WILL PREVAIL!”
The May 17 action is the first of several small- and large-scale direct actions and other initiatives meant to raise awareness and agitate toward positive, LGBTQI-inclusive change in Charlotte and North Carolina.
Citizens are encouraged to join CRANE at 7 a.m. at the Hawthorne Ln. bridge and bring American flags, North Carolina flags and rainbow flags.
WHAT: Protest Art & Banner
WHEN: Thursday, May 17, 2012, activists present with banner at 7 a.m.
WHERE: Hawthorne Ln. bridge over Independence Blvd., Charlotte, NC
WHO: Organizers with Charlotte Rainbow Action Network for Equality (CRANE)
ABOUT CRANE: CRANE is an informal network and coalition of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer and intersex (LGBTQI) activists and community members in the Charlotte-Mecklenburg area. The group’s past actions since 2008 include several protests, rallies and forums, and its signature actions on “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell” in 2010 in which the activists collected and delivered five complete sets of 13,500 plastic toy soldiers – each representing one service member dismissed under the anti-gay policy – to U.S. Sens. Richard Burr and Kay Hagan and U.S. Reps. Sue Myrick, Mike McIntyre and Larry Kissell. Learn more about the group at rainbowaction.org.
Fox Charlotte on ‘Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell’
CRANE organizer Lacey Williams spoke to Fox Charlotte’s Morgan Fogarty on May 28, a day after the U.S. Senate Armed Services Committee and House of Representatives passed a partial repeal of “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell.”
Video below…
Click here to view the video at Fox Charlotte’s website.
Be sure to read CRANE’s May 28 statement on the House and Senate actions.
CRANE statement on ‘Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell’ vote
The Charlotte Rainbow Action Network for Equality (CRANE) released the following statement concerning the U.S. House of Representatives’ and U.S. Senate’s actions to repeal “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell,” which passed the Senate Armed Services Committee 16-12 and the House 234-194 on Thursday, May 27, 2010.
The Charlotte Rainbow Action Network for Equality (CRANE) commends the efforts of those elected officials who supported the repeal of “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell” (DADT), including Sen. Kay Hagan and Rep. Larry Kissell, both of whom were targets of CRANE’s Stand with Honor campaign this spring and who voted “yes” to the repeal measure on Thursday, May 27, 2010.
Through March and April, CRANE, along with activists, community members and constituents across the state, launched several grassroots campaigns to engage local communities and elected officials on “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell,” the anti-gay law that prohibits open and honest military service by lesbian, gay and bisexual Americans and has resulted in the discharge of over 13,500 patriots willing and able to serve our nation and protect its security.
The campaigns collected five sets of 13,500 plastic toy soldiers — each soldier representing one of the lesbian, gay and bisexual servicemembers discharged under DADT — for delivery to Sens. Richard Burr and Kay Hagan and Reps. Sue Myrick, Mike McIntyre and Larry Kissell.
CRANE extends its gratitude to Sen. Hagan and for showing her continued public support of a DADT repeal by voting “yes” on the measure. Rep. Kissell, who had not publicly spoken about his thoughts on repeal, was receptive to CRANE’s campaign throughout its communication with his office. We thank him for his affirmative vote.
CRANE is disappointed that our efforts, representative of hundreds of constituents, failed to strike a chord with Reps. Myrick and McIntyre and Sen. Burr, all of whom voted against repeal. We urge them to reconsider their stances on LGBT civil equality and remind them that only a fool would stand in the way of our national security and military readiness during a time of war. We hope they will join us and their colleagues on the right side of history on other issues of basic equality and fairness.
North Carolina constituents take ‘Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell’ campaign to Capitol Hill
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE April 26, 2010
Contact: Matt Comer, 336-391-9528, matt.hill.comer@gmail.com
North Carolina constituents take ‘Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell’ campaign to Capitol Hill
Charlotte, Raleigh, Wilmington residents visit with Burr, Hagan, Kissell and McIntyre
WASHINGTON, D.C. – April 28, 2010 – A group of North Carolina constituents and grassroots activists are taking their message to end the anti-gay “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell” (DADT) to Capitol Hill, and plan on meeting with Sens. Richard Burr (R) and Kay Hagan (D) and Reps. Larry Kissell (D-08) and Mike McIntyre (D-07).
In March, the Charlotte Rainbow Action Network for Equality (CRANE) began their “March on Myrick” campaign to collect 13,500 plastic toy soldiers, each representing one person discharged under DADT, and attempted to deliver the soldiers to Rep. Sue Myrick (R-09) on April 1, 2010. At Myrick’s Charlotte office, constituents were initially turned away and later allowed to deliver only half of their constituent message. At the time, building security said the constituents were “soliciting” and threatened arrest although no laws were being broken. Constituents plan to deliver the remaining soldiers at a later date. (See rainbowaction.org/myrick for more.)
Since then, the Charlotte DADT awareness campaign spread across the state to target North Carolina’s senators and other representatives key to a DADT repeal. The message sent by constituents is loud and clear: Only a fool would stand in the way of our national security and military readiness. The time to end DADT is now.
“In working to raise awareness on the much-needed repeal of DADT, we have spoken to and worked with hundreds of constituents,” said Matt Comer, CRANE spokesperson. “Those who helped us collect these 67,500 soldiers represent a sizable constituency who believe – like 75 percent of all Americans and 73 percent of U.S. servicemembers – that all people should be able to serve their country no matter their sexual orientation or gender identity. Sens. Burr and Hagan and Reps. Kissell and McIntyre – each serving in their respective chambers’ Armed Services committees – should immediately sign on as co-sponsors to a DADT repeal.”
The constituents will gather at the East Lawn of the Capitol (Independence Blvd. SE and First St. SE) on Wednesday, April 28, 2010, 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. There, they will display one set of 13,500 plastic soldiers from the 67,500 they’ve collected over the past two months and reach out to Capitol visitors and passers-by to engage them on the issues and raise awareness. Due to package restrictions at Capitol Hill office buildings, they will deliver only a portion of each set of soldiers collected for each elected official.
“Although we’ll only be delivering a portion of the 13,500 soldiers to each of our elected officials, they should know that their constituents want this law repealed and they want it repealed now,” said Comer. “Their constituents also expect their message to be delivered in full, unfortunately something we can’t do today. As with our March on Myrick campaign, we’ll deliver the remaining message at a later date.”
The U.S. military has discharged more than 13,500 gay and lesbian service members since DADT’s implementation in 1994, including more than 800 mission-critical troops. In the past five years, the military has discharged at least 59 Arabic and Farsi linguists. Further, our government has wasted between $250 million and $1.2 billion enforcing the law, critical funds that could have been used to support rather than undermine our military readiness. The facts point to only one conclusion: DADT is a threat to national security and must be repealed. Repealing “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell” is just one step our elected leaders can take in their commitment to keep our nation strong and safe. We call on Burr, Hagan, Kissell, McIntyre and Myrick to co-sponsor the Military Readiness Enhancement Act today and support the repeal of this wasteful and damaging policy.
A coalition of constituent, activist and student organizations across North Carolina worked to raise awareness with constituents. They include: Blue Devils United (duke.edu/web/bdunited/), Charlotte Rainbow Action Network for Equality/CRANE (rainbowaciton.org), Equal People Organization (equalpeople.org), HRC Carolinas (northcarolina.hrc.org), NoH8NC (noh8nc.com), N.C. State GLBT Center (ncsu.edu/student_affairs/glbt/), N.C. State GLBTCA and UNC-Chapel Hill GLBTSA (unc.edu/glbtsa/).
Rep. Sue Myrick’s security attempts to stop constituent delivery of 13,500 plastic toy soldiers in protest of ‘Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell’
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
April 1, 2010
Contact: Matt Comer, 336-391-9528
Rep. Sue Myrick’s security attempts to stop constituent delivery of
13,500 plastic toy soldiers in protest of “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell”
Myrick office staff accepts only a portion of constituent message;
Budd Group security employee calls constituent visit “soliciting”
CHARLOTTE — This morning, a group of six grassroots activists and constituents attempted to deliver packages of 13,500 plastic toy soldiers to the Charlotte office of U.S. Rep. Sue Myrick (R-09). Each of the 13,500 soldiers represent a gay or lesbian American patriot discharged from military service under “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell,” the 1993 federal law prohibiting openly gay or lesbian servicemembers. The delivery was the culmination of the March on Myrick Campaign, kicked off on Feb. 26, 2010, by the Charlotte Rainbow Action Network for Equality (CRANE).
However, the constituents were stopped by an employee of The Budd Group, a Winston-Salem, N.C.-based security and facility services firm. The employee, who opted not to give his name to CRANE organizers, said his conditions were the “rules of engagement.”
In attempting to stop the delivery of the constituent message, the Budd Group employee first insisted that organizers needed a permit or would face arrest by the Charlotte-Mecklenburg Police Department. Charlotte city ordinances only require a picketing permit if organizers anticipate 50 or more participants. After correcting the employee, CRANE organizers were told only one representative of the group would be allowed to visit with Rep. Myrick’s staff and would not be allowed to carry any of the soldiers into the building.
CRANE organizers called Myrick staff in an attempt to resolve the situation, but were again told by the Budd Group employee that they could not deliver the constituent message as it would be considered “solicitation.” CRANE organizers Lacey Williams and Randy Floyd argued such a rule would effectively make any constituent visitor to Rep. Myrick a potential “solicitor.”
After further discussion with Myrick staff, Williams and Floyd were allowed to deliver a letter and nearly half of the 13,500 soldiers. Building security did not allow media to enter the building or Myrick’s office.
A full list of the Budd Group employee’s and Myrick office staff’s attempts to stop this constituent visit is included at the end of this release.
CRANE organizers intend to see their campaign through and will deliver the remaining 7,500 plastic soldiers to Rep. Myrick at a later date.
“CRANE intended for these 13,500 plastic soldiers — contained in nine, five-gallon camouflage buckets — to be a stark, visual reminder of the damage ‘Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell’ causes our national security and military readiness,” said Matt Comer, CRANE organizer. “Despite her stated and strong support of American veterans and our men and women in uniform, Rep. Myrick’s staff and security first declined to recognize these American patriots at all and later accepted less than half of the 13,500 soldiers.”
Comer added, “As constituents, we are forced to beg the question: Does Rep. Myrick truly honor and respect the service of our American heroes, or does she intend to ignore the 13,500 gay and lesbian patriots who risked their lives to serve and protect our nation and whose only ‘reward’ was discharge and the involuntary end of their careers?”
The March on Myrick Campaign, created to engage community members and raise awareness on “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell,” while asking for Rep. Myrick’s support of a repeal, has inspired grassroots activists across North Carolina. Activists in Raleigh are collecting a combined 27,000 — 13,500 each — for Sens. Richard Burr and Kay Hagan. In Wilmington, 13,500 are being collected for Rep. Mike McIntyre. Charlotte activists have also collected an additional 13,500 for Rep. Larry Kissell.
These community members will converge on Washington, D.C., on April 28 and deliver the combined 54,000 to the Capitol Hill offices of Burr, Hagan, Kissell and McIntyre.
The U.S. military has discharged more than 13,500 gay and lesbian service members since DADT’s implementation in 1994, including more than 800 mission-critical troops. In the past five years, the military has discharged at least 59 Arabic and Farsi linguists. Further, our government has wasted between $250 million and $1.2 billion enforcing the law, critical funds that could have been used to support rather than undermine our military readiness. The facts point to only one conclusion: Only a fool would stand in the way of our national security and military readiness. “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell” is a threat to both and must be repealed. Repealing “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell” is just one step our elected leaders can take in their commitment to keep our nation strong and safe. We call on Burr, Hagan, Kissell, McIntyre and Myrick to co-sponsor the Military Readiness Enhancement Act today and support the repeal of this wasteful and damaging policy.
Attempts by The Budd Group to stop constituent visit:
1. Constituents must have a permit or face arrest before meeting with elected official or her staff.
2. No more than one person would be allowed to meet with their elected official, and would not be able to deliver the constituent message.
3. Constituents’ visit to elected official amounted to “solicitation,” which building managers do not allow.
4. Constituent message amounted to a security concern “in this day and age.”
Attempts by Myrick staff to stop constituent visit:
1. No part of the constituent message would be allowed in the office because the office was too small.
2. The constituent message might have been a gift, which the elected official cannot accept.
3. Only half of the message could be delivered because the office was too small (Office staff agreed that constituents could attempt delivery of the remaining message in Washington, D.C.)
The Charlotte Rainbow Action Network for Equality (CRANE) is a grassroots coalition of activists and community members working toward civil and social equality for Charlotte’s lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender (LGBT) community.
Other organizations working to support the March on Myrick, Stand with Honor and March on McIntyre Campaigns include: Blue Devils United (duke.edu/web/bdunited/), Equal People Organization (equalpeople.org), HRC Carolinas (northcarolina.hrc.org), NoH8NC (noh8nc.com), N.C. State GLBT Center (ncsu.edu/student_affairs/glbt/), N.C. State GLBTCA and UNC-Chapel Hill GLBTSA (unc.edu/glbtsa/).
Raleigh contact: Kevin Eason, 919-961-0648 | Wilmington contact: Ryan Lee Burris, 910-262-7787
Other photos:
CRANE organizers Lacey Williams and Randy Floyd deliver 6,000 soldiers.
CRANE organizers Lacey Williams and Matt Comer discuss options regarding delivery of remaining 7,500 soldiers.
CRANE organizers Randy Floyd and Lacey Williams carry away undelivered portions of 13,500 toy soldiers in the March on Myrick Campaign.
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Release: Activists to deliver 13,500 toy soldiers to Rep. Sue Myrick on April 1
CONTACT: Matt Comer (Charlotte/CRANE) | 336-391-9528
Activists to deliver 13,500 toy soldiers to Rep. Sue Myrick
Charlotte ‘March on Myrick’ campaign spreads statewide;
Will target Burr, Hagan, Kissell and McIntyre
WHAT: March on Myrick Campaign Press conference and toy soldier delivery
WHEN: April 1, 2010, Press conference at 11 a.m., delivery immediately following
WHERE: Rep. Sue Myrick’s Charlotte office, 6525 Morrison Blvd. Suite 100, Charlotte, NC 28211
WHO: Organizers with Charlotte Rainbow Action Network for Equality (CRANE)
CONTACT: Matt Comer | 336-391-9528
CHARLOTTE – April 1, 2010 – Grassroots activists with the Charlotte Rainbow Action Network for Equality (CRANE) will deliver 13,500 plastic toy soldiers to the Charlotte offices of Rep. Sue Myrick (R-09) this Thursday, April 1, 2010, April’s Fools Day, 11 a.m., 6525 Morrison Blvd. Suite 100, Charlotte, NC 28211. The activists will carry with them a clear and important message: Only a fool would stand in the way of national security and military readiness. The anti-gay “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell” (DADT) policy must be repealed.
On Feb. 26, the Charlotte Rainbow Action Network for Equality (CRANE) kicked off their March on Myrick Campaign targeting Rep. Sue Myrick (R-09). In the past month, activists have collected almost 30,000 soldiers and will expand their campaign to target Rep. Larry Kissell (D-08), a member of the House Armed Services Committee.
CRANE’s delivery to Myrick comes as grassroots activists across North Carolina team up to bring statewide awareness to DADT, the anti-gay law passed in 1993 prohibiting open military service by gay, lesbian and bisexual Americans.
In Raleigh, activists will target Republican Sen. Richard Burr and Democratic Sen. Kay Hagan, both members of the Senate Armed Services Committee. They’ll collect 13,500 toy soldiers for each senator – a total of 27,000. And, in Wilmington, activists will collect 13,500 soldiers for Rep. Mike McIntyre (D-07), who is a member of the House Armed Services Committee.
Burr, Hagan, Kissell and McIntyre are all key to the passage of the Military Readiness Enhancement Act, a bill which would repeal DADT. Currently under debate in the House of Representatives, the bill has also been introduced in the Senate. Myrick, a strong supporter of national security, military readiness and veterans, could be a key supporter of the bill as well.
In late April, activists from across the state will converge in Washington, D.C., and deliver some 54,000 combined soldiers to Burr, Hagan, Kissell and McIntyre.
The U.S. military has discharged more than 13,500 gay and lesbian service members since DADT’s implementation in 1994, including more than 800 mission-critical troops. In the past five years, the military has discharged at least 59 Arabic and Farsi linguists. Further, our government has wasted between $250 million and $1.2 billion enforcing the law, critical funds that could have been used to support rather than undermine our military readiness. The facts point to only one conclusion: DADT is a threat to national security and must be repealed. Repealing “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell” is just one step our elected leaders can take in their commitment to keep our nation strong and safe. We call on Burr, Hagan, Kissell, McIntyre and Myrick to co-sponsor the Military Readiness Enhancement Act today and support the repeal of this wasteful and damaging policy.
The Charlotte Rainbow Action Network for Equality (CRANE) is a grassroots coalition of activists and community members working toward civil and social equality for Charlotte’s lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender (LGBT) community.
Other organizations working to support the March on Myrick, Stand with Honor and March on McIntyre Campaigns include: Blue Devils United (duke.edu/web/bdunited/), Equal People Organization (equalpeople.org), HRC Carolinas (northcarolina.hrc.org), NoH8NC (noh8nc.com), N.C. State GLBT Center (ncsu.edu/student_affairs/glbt/), N.C. State GLBTCA and UNC-Chapel Hill GLBTSA (unc.edu/glbtsa/).
Raleigh contact: Kevin Eason, 919-961-0648 | Wilmington contact: Ryan Lee Burris, 910-262-7787
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Press Kit: ‘Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell’ rally and March on Myrick
Download digital copies of our press kit. Click here to download a .zip file containing:
- Press Release: Local activists kick-off March on Myrick campaign
- Alert: Human Rights Campaign Announces May 11th Lobby Day to Repeal DADT; Launches National Action Alert to Recruit Veterans and Allies
- Speaker Bios for Feb. 26 press conference
- Fact Sheet: Military Readiness Enhancement Act
- Journalists’ Guide to “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell”
Click here to download the press kit or learn more about the March on Myrick campaign.
Charlotte Observer: Gay-rights group targets Myrick
The Charlotte Observer‘s Washington correspondent, Barb Barrett, reports this morning on today’s rally and March on Myrick campaign kick-off:
Gay-rights group targets Myrick
By Barbara Barrett
Washington correspondent
Friday, Feb. 26, 2010
WASHINGTON A Charlotte gay-rights group will ask U.S. Rep. Sue Myrick, R-N.C., today to join their fight to repeal the nation’s don’t ask, don’t tell policy, which bans gays from serving openly in the military.
Charlotte Rainbow Action Network for Equality, or CRANE, plans to rally this afternoon on the measure, launching their March for Myrick campaign in the process.
In the next month, supporters hope to gather 13,500 plastic toy soldiers to deliver to Myrick’s office at the end of March. The soldiers represent the estimated 13,500 troops kicked out of the military for being gay since the policy took effect in 1993, said Matt Comer, a Charlotte resident and organizer of the group.
Congress.org: Activists pressure lawmaker on DADT
CRANE received its first press clipping for our “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell” efforts in Charlotte today. Partnering with the Human Rights Campaign, CRANE will stage a rally and local awareness event on the anti-gay military policy on Friday where we will kick-off our “March on Myrick” campaign.
Activists pressure lawmaker on DADT
Local group asks Republican to cosponsor gay rights bill.
by Ambreen Ali, Congress.orgA North Carolina group is stepping into the national debate on Don’t Ask Don’t Tell.
Charlotte Rainbow Action Network for Equality (CRANE) is launching the “March on Myrick” campaign this week to get Rep. Sue Myrick (R-N.C.) behind repealing the military’s policy on gay soldiers. The move comes as prominent military leaders, including Admiral Mike Mullen, have said they favor a change.
CRANE, Human Rights Campaign to stage rally on ‘Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell’ repeal
Want to attend? Learn more: Get the details, the facts and RSVP
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE: February 23, 2010
MEDIA ADVISORY:
CRANE, Human Rights Campaign to stage rally, awareness event on ‘Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell’ repeal
Gay veterans, community members to address importance of repeal; kick-off CRANE’s ‘March on Myrick’ campaign
CHARLOTTE, N.C. – Feb. 26, 2010 – Grassroots activists with Charlotte Rainbow Action Network for Equality (CRANE) and the Human Rights Campaign, the nation’s largest lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) civil rights organization, will hold a press conference and rally, Friday, Feb. 26, at 4:30 p.m., on the repeal of “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell” (DADT), the discriminatory law which bans openly gay, lesbian and bisexual service members in the U.S. military.
Community members and gay veterans will speak on the issue at a press conference preceding the rally and kick-off CRANE’s “March on Myrick” campaign to raise local awareness on the issue and ask U.S. Rep. Sue Myrick (NC-9) to support the Military Readiness Enhancement Act, a bill to repeal “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell” currently under debate in the U.S. House.
“Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell” – the law prohibiting lesbians and gays from serving openly in the U.S. Armed Forces – is a failed law. Military leaders, including Secretary of Defense Robert Gates and Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Adm. Michael Mullen, recognize that DADT is failed law and support its repeal.
Americans recognize that on the battlefield, it does not matter whether a soldier is lesbian, gay or straight; what matters is that a soldier gets the job done. This discriminatory law hurts military readiness and national security while putting American soldiers fighting overseas at risk.
The vast majority of Americans – including majorities of Republicans, Independents and Democrats – support repealing DADT.
Since the implementation of “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell” in 1994, more than 13,500 men and women have been dismissed from the military because of the sexual orientation, including 60 Arabic linguists and nearly 800 other service members in critical occupations fields.
PRESS CONFERENCE & RALLY DETAILS:
WHAT: Press conference, rally on repeal of “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell”; “March on Myrick” kick-off
WHEN: Friday, February 26, 2010, 4:30 p.m. (Rally immediately following)
WHERE: Charlotte-Mecklenburg Government Center, 3rd & Davidson Sts., Charlotte, NC 28202
WHO: Press conference to feature remarks from:
– Eric Alva, a former Marine Staff Sgt. veteran who was the first U.S. soldier wounded in the Iraq war and is now an HRC spokesperson on DADT
– Michael Noftzger, a former Army Specialist veteran who served under DADT
– Lacey Williams, a local CRANE organizer and grassroots activist
– Randy Floyd, a local CRANE organizer and the political co-chair for HRC Carolinas Steering Committee
For more information on CRANE, “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell” and the March on Myrick campaign, visit: www.rainbowaction.org
HRC recently announced a national campaign to repeal “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell,” to learn more visit: www.hrc.org/VoicesOfHonor.
The Charlotte Rainbow Action Network for Equality (CRANE) is a grassroots coalition of activists and community members working toward civil and social equality for Charlotte’s lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) community.
The Human Rights Campaign is America’s largest civil rights organization working to achieve lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender equality. By inspiring and engaging all Americans, HRC strives to end discrimination against LGBT citizens and realize a nation that achieves fundamental fairness and equality for all.
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